Izina:γ- aside aminobutiriki(cyangwaGABA)

Nimero ya CAS: 56-12-2

Amagambo asa: 4-Aaside minobutiriki; aside butiriki ya Ammonia;Aside ya pipecolic.

1. Ingaruka za GABA ku kugaburira amatungo zigomba kuba zidahindagurika mu gihe runaka. Gufata ibiryo bifitanye isano rya bugufi n'umusaruro w'amatungo n'inkoko. Nk'igikorwa cy'imyitwarire kitoroshye, kugaburira bigenzurwa ahanini n'urusobe rw'imitsi rwo hagati. Ahantu ho kugaburira (aho binjirira muri hypothalamus) n'aho binjirira (aho binjirira muri hypothalamus) ni byo bigenzura amatungo.

GABA y'ibanze mu mirire ishobora gutuma amatungo arya ibuza imikorere y'ikigo cy'ibiryo biryoshye, yongera ubushobozi bwo kugaburira amatungo. Ubushakashatsi bwinshi bwagaragaje ko gutera urugero runaka rwa GABA mu bice bitandukanye by'ubwonko bw'amatungo bishobora gutuma amatungo arya neza kandi bikagira ingaruka zishingiye ku rugero. Kongera GABA mu ndyo y'ibanze y'ingurube zibyibushye bishobora kongera cyane ibyo kurya by'ingurube, kongera ibiro, kandi ntibigabanye ikoreshwa rya poroteyine mu biryo.

2. Ingaruka za GABA ku igogora ry'igifu n'urusobe rw'imisemburo. Nk'umusemburo w'imitsi cyangwa modulator, GABA igira uruhare runini mu rusobe rw'imitsi rw'inyuma rw'inyamaswa zifite uruhu rw'umugongo.

3. Ingaruka za GABA ku mikorere y'igifu. GABA iboneka cyane mu nzira y'igifu, kandi uduce tw'imitsi ya GABA ikora ku mubiri cyangwa uturemangingo tw'imitsi myiza tuba mu buryo bw'imitsi no mu ruhererekane rw'inzira y'igifu y'inyamabere, uturemangingo twa GABA dukwirakwira mu gice cy'imbere cy'igifu. GABA igira ingaruka ku mikorere y'uturemangingo tw'imitsi yoroshye mu gifu, uturemangingo tw'imisemburo n'utundi turemangingo tudakora ku mubiri. GABA yo hanze ifite ingaruka zikomeye ku bice by'amara byakuwe mu mbeba, ibi bikaba bigaragarira mu kuruhuka no kugabanya amplitude y'ibice by'amara byakuwe mu ruhu. Ubu buryo bwo gukumira GABA bushobora kuba binyuze mu gukumira sisitemu ya cholinergic cyangwa/cyangwa idakora ku mubiri y'amara, ikora nta sisitemu ya adrenergic; Ishobora kandi kwishyira ku ruhande kuri receptor ya GABA ijyanye nayo ku turemangingo tw'imitsi yoroshye mu gifu.

4. GABA igenga imikorere y’umubiri w’inyamaswa. GABA ishobora kugira ingaruka nyinshi mu buryo bw’igifu nk’imisemburo yo mu gace runaka, nko ku ngirabuzimafatizo zimwe na zimwe n’imisemburo yo mu misemburo. Mu gihe cy’ibipimo bya vitro, GABA ishobora gukurura imisemburo yo gukura binyuze mu gukora receptor ya GABA mu gifu. Imisemburo yo gukura kw’inyamaswa ishobora guteza imbere imikorere ya peptide zimwe na zimwe mu mwijima (nka IGF-1), kongera umuvuduko w’imikorere y’uturemangingo tw’imitsi, kongera umuvuduko w’ikura n’umuvuduko w’ihinduka ry’ibiryo by’inyamaswa, Muri icyo gihe, yanahinduye uburyo intungamubiri zitunga umubiri w’inyamaswa zikwirakwira; Birashoboka ko ingaruka zo gutera imbere kwa GABA zishobora kuba zifitanye isano no kugenzura imikorere y’imisemburo yo gukura binyuze mu kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y’imisemburo yo mu bwonko.