Betaine, izwi kandi nka glycine trimethyl internal salt, ni ikintu karemano kidahumanya kandi kitagize ingaruka mbi, alkaloid ya quaternary amine. Ni kristalo yera cyangwa imeze nk'amababi ifite formula ya molekile C5H12NO2, uburemere bwa molekile 118 n'urugero rwo gushonga rwa 293 ℃. Iryoshye kandi ni inyongeramusaruro nshya idakingira kororoka.

Byagaragaye ko betaine ishobora kongera umubare n'uburemere bw'ingurube z'iminsi 21 zimaze gukurwa ku ibere, igagabanya igihe cyo kubyara mu minsi 7 nyuma yo gukurwa ku ibere no kunoza imikorere y'imyororokere; Ishobora kandi gutuma intanga zikura neza no gukura kw'intanga; Nk'umutanga methyl, betaine ishobora guteza imbere poroteyine no kugabanya urugero rwa homocysteine ​​mu maraso y'ingurube, bityo igateza imbere imikurire n'iterambere ry'ingurube no kunoza imikorere y'imyororokere y'ingurube.

Ingaruka ebyiri za betaine zishobora kongera umusaruroimikorere y'inyamaswamu byiciro byose byo gutwita, gutwita, konsa no kubyibuha. Mu gihe cyo konsa, kubura amazi mu ngurube bitewe n’ihungabana ry’umubiri ni ikibazo gikomeye ku batanga ingurube. Nk’umugenzuzi wa osmotike, betaine karemano ishobora kongera uburyo amazi abikwa n’amazi anyurwamo no kugabanya ingufu zikoreshwa mu kubungabunga uburinganire bw’amazi n’iyoni mu turemangingo. Impeshyi ishyushye izatuma ubushobozi bwo kororoka bw’ingurube bugabanuka. Nk’umugenzuzi wa osmotike, betaine ishobora kongera ingufu z’ingurube no kunoza ubushobozi bwo kororoka bw’ingurube. Kongera betaine karemano mu biryo bishobora kongera imbaraga mu mara y’inyamaswa, mu gihe ibintu bibi nko guhangayika mu bushyuhe bizatuma amara adakomera neza. Iyo ubushyuhe bw’ikirere buzamutse, amaraso azanyura ku ruhu kugira ngo ubushyuhe bushire. Ibi bituma amaraso agabanuka mu nzira y’igifu, ibyo bigatuma habaho imikorere mibi mu igogora no kugabanya uburyo intungamubiri zigogorwa.

 

Uruhare rwa betaine mu mikorere ya methylation rushobora kongera cyane agaciro k'umusaruro w'amatungo. Kongera betaine mu biryo by'ingurube bishobora kugabanya gutakaza inda, kunoza imikorere y'imyororokere y'ingurube no kongera ingano y'imyanda ikurikiraho. Betaine ishobora kandi kuzigama ingufu ku ngurube z'imyaka yose, kugira ngo ingufu nyinshi mu mikorere y'umubiri zikoreshwe mu kongera inyama z'inyamaswa zidafite inyama nyinshi no kunoza ubuzima bw'amatungo. Iyi ngaruka ni ingenzi mu gihe cyo konsa abana b'ingurube bakeneye imbaraga nyinshi zo kubungabunga.