Impiswi z'ingurube, indwara yo mu nda iterwa n'ibinure ndetse n'ubushyuhe bukabije ni ikibazo gikomeye ku buzima bw'amara y'inyamaswa. Ishingiro ry'ubuzima bw'amara ni ukureba neza imiterere n'imikorere myiza y'uturemangingo tw'amara. Uturemangingo ni ishingiro ry'ikoreshwa ry'intungamubiri mu ngingo n'ingingo zitandukanye, kandi ni ahantu ingenzi amatungo ashobora guhindura intungamubiri mo ibice byazo.

Ubuzima bufatwa nk'uburyo butandukanye bwo gukora ibintu bikomoka kuri shimi buterwa na enzymes. Kugenzura imiterere n'imikorere isanzwe ya enzymes zo mu ngirabuzimafatizo ni ingenzi kugira ngo uturemangingo dukore neza. None se ni uruhe ruhare rwa betaine mu kubungabunga imikorere isanzwe ya turemangingo tw'amara?

1. Ibiranga betaine

Izina ryayo rya siyansi niTrimethylglycine, formula yayo ya molekile ni c5h1102n, uburemere bwayo bwa molekile ni 117.15, molekile yayo ntabwo ikoresha amashanyarazi, ifite ubushobozi bwo gushonga neza mu mazi (64 ~ 160 g / 100g), ubushyuhe budahindagurika (aho ishonga ni 301 ~ 305 ℃), kandi ifite ubushobozi bwo kwinjira cyane. Ibirangabetaineni ibi bikurikira: 1

(1) Biroroshye kubyinjiza (byinjiza byose muri duodenum) kandi bitera uturemangingo tw’amara kwinjiramo iyoni ya sodiyumu;

(2) Nta kintu na kimwe kiri mu maraso kandi ntikigira ingaruka ku gutwara amazi, electrolyte, lipide na poroteyine;

(3) Uturemangingo tw’imitsi twakwirakwiriye ku buryo bungana, duhuzwa n’uturemangingo tw’amazi kandi turi mu mimerere yo kunyurwa n’amazi;

(4) Uturemangingo two mu mwijima no mu mara turakwirakwira kimwe kandi tugahurira hamwe n’uturemangingo tw’amazi, ibinure na poroteyine, biri mu mimerere yo kuzura amazi, ibinure na poroteyine;

(5) Ishobora kwirundanya mu turemangingo;

(6) Nta ngaruka mbi.

2. Uruhare rwabetainemu mikorere isanzwe y'uturemangingo tw'amara

(1)Betaineishobora kubungabunga imiterere n'imikorere ya enzymes mu turemangingo binyuze mu kugenzura no kwemeza ko amazi na electrolyte biringaniye, kugira ngo irebe ko imikorere isanzwe y'uturemangingo ikora neza;

(2)Betainebyagabanyije cyane ikoreshwa rya ogisijeni n'umusaruro w'ubushyuhe bw'uturemangingo twa PDV mu ngurube zikura, kandi byongera neza igipimo cy'intungamubiri zikoreshwa mu gukora anabolic;

(3) KongeramobetaineKurya bishobora kugabanya ogisijeni ya choline muri betaine, bigatera imbere ihinduka rya homocysteine ​​muri methionine, kandi bikanoza uburyo methionine ikoreshwa mu gukora poroteyine;

Methyl ni intungamubiri y'ingenzi ku nyamaswa. Abantu n'inyamaswa ntibashobora gukora methyl, ariko bagomba kuyihabwa n'ibiryo. Uburyo methylation ikora cyane mu mikorere y'ingenzi ya metabolism, harimo gukora ADN, gukora creatine na creatinine. Betaine ishobora kongera umuvuduko w'ikoreshwa rya choline na methionine;

(4) Ingaruka zabetaineku ndwara ya coccidia mu ifu y'inkoko zo mu bwoko bwa Broilers

Betaineishobora kwirundanya mu mwijima no mu mara no kubungabunga imiterere y'uturemangingo tw'amara mu nyamaswa z'inkoko zifite ubuzima bwiza cyangwa zanduye coccidian;

Betaine yateje imbere ukwiyongera kwa lymphocytes zo mu mara kandi yongera imikorere ya macrophages mu nyamaswa zanduye coccidia;

Imiterere y'inyama zo mu bwoko bwa duodenum z'inkoko zanduye coccidia yarushijeho kunozwa no kongeramo betaine mu ndyo;

Kongeramo betaine mu ndyo bishobora kugabanya igipimo cy’indwara zo mu mara za duodenum na jejunum z’inkoko zo mu bwoko bwa broilers;

Kongera indyo ya 2 kg / T betaine bishobora kongera uburebure bwa villus, ubuso bushobora kwinjiza, ubugari bw'imitsi no kwaguka kw'amara mato mu nyamaswa zanduye coccidia;

(5) Betaine igabanya imvune zo mu mara ziterwa n'ubushyuhe mu ngurube zikura.

3.Betaine-- ishingiro ryo kunoza inyungu z'ubworozi n'inganda z'inkoko

(1) Betaine ishobora kongera ibiro by'umubiri wa Peking Duck imaze iminsi 42 kandi ikagabanya igipimo cy'ibiryo by'inyama iyo imaze iminsi 22-42.

(2) Ibisubizo byagaragaje ko kongeramo betaine byongera cyane ibiro by'ibishyimbo by'iminsi 84 bikuze umubiri, kugabanya ingano y'ibiryo n'ibiryo by'inyama, ndetse no kunoza ubwiza bw'inka n'inyungu mu bukungu, muri byo kongeramo 1.5kg/toni mu ndyo byagize ingaruka nziza.

(3) Ingaruka za betaine ku mikororokere y'ibishyimbo, inkoko z'inka, aborozi, ingurube n'ibyana by'ingurube zari izi zikurikira:

Ibidugu by'inyama: kongeramo 0.5g/kg, 1.0 g/kg na 1.5 g/kg betaine mu ndyo bishobora kongera inyungu z'ubworozi bw'ibidugu by'inyama mu gihe cy'ibyumweru 24-40, aribyo 1492 yuan / 1000 y'ibidugu, 1938 yuan / 1000 y'ibidugu n'4966 yuan / 1000 y'ibidugu.

Inkoko zo mu bwoko bwa Broilers: kongeramo 1.0 g / kg, 1.5 g / kg na 2.0 g / kg betaine mu ndyo bishobora kongera inyungu zo kororoka kw'inkoko zo mu bwoko bwa Broilers zifite iminsi 20-35, ari zo Yuan 57.32, Yuan 88.95 na Yuan 168.41.

Inkoko zo mu bwoko bwa Broilers: kongeramo garama 2/kg betaine mu ndyo bishobora kongera inyungu z'inkoko zo mu bwoko bwa Broilers zimara iminsi 1-42 ziri mu bushyuhe ku kigero cya yuan 789.35.

Aborozi: kongeramo 2 g / kg betaine mu ndyo bishobora kongera igipimo cyo gusohora kw'aborozi ku kigero cya 12.5%.

Inka: kuva iminsi 5 mbere yo kubyara kugeza igihe yonsa irangiye, inyungu y'inyongera yo kongeramo garama 3/kg ya betaine ku nka 100 z'inka ku munsi ni 125700 yuan / umwaka (abana 2.2 b'inda / umwaka).

Ibyana by'ingurube: kongeramo 1.5g/kg betaine mu ndyo bishobora kongera impuzandengo y'inyungu za buri munsi n'ifunguro rya buri munsi ry'ibyana by'ingurube bifite hagati y'iminsi 0-7 n'iminsi 7-21, bigabanye igipimo cy'ibiryo by'ingurube ugereranyije n'inyama, kandi ni byo bihendutse cyane.

4. Ingano ya betaine yasabwaga mu mirire y'amatungo atandukanye yari iyi ikurikira

(1) Igipimo cya betaine cyasabwaga ku nyama y'ingurube n'igi cy'ingurube cyari 1.5 kg / toni; 0 kg / toni.

(2) 0 kg / toni; 2; 5 kg / toni.

(3) Igipimo cya betaine cyasabwaga mu biryo by'ingurube cyari 2.0 ~ 2.5 kg / toni; Betaine hydrochloride 2.5 ~ 3.0 kg / toni.

(4) Ingano ya betaine isabwa kongerwa mu bikoresho byo kwigisha no kubungabunga ni 1.5 ~ 2.0kg/toni.