Umunyu wa kane wa amoniumirashobora gukoreshwa neza mugukwirakwiza inubworozi bw'amafi, ariko hagomba kwitonderwa uburyo bukoreshwa neza hamwe nibitekerezo kugirango wirinde kwangiza ibinyabuzima byo mumazi.

1 、Umunyu wa kane wa amonium ni iki
Umunyu wa kane wa amoniumni ubukungu, bufatika, kandi bukoreshwa cyane hamwe na formine yica imiti (CnH2n + 1) (CH3) 3N + X -, aho X - ishobora kuba Cl -, Br -, I -, SO42-, nibindi.
2 、Ihame ryo kwanduzaimyunyu ya kane
Ihame ryo kwanduza umunyu wa kane wa amonium ni ugusenya ingirabuzimafatizo na proteyine za bagiteri, bigatuma batakaza ubushobozi bwo gukura no kubyara. Ingaruka zo kwanduza imyunyu ya amonium ya kane ijyanye nibintu nko kwibanda, agaciro ka pH, igihe cyo guhura, nubushyuhe.
3 、Nigute wakoresha umunyu wa kane wa amonium neza
1. Kugenzura ibitekerezo
Iyo umunyu wa kane wa ammonium ukoreshwa muguterwa kwanduza mu mazi yo mu mazi, kwibanda bigomba gukurikiranwa ukurikije ubunini n'uburemere bw'umubiri w'amazi. Muri rusange, ukoresheje ubunini bwa 0.1% -0.2% byumunyu wa kane wa amonium birashobora kwanduza neza, ariko ntibishobora kurenga 0.5%.
2. Igihe cyo kuvugana
Iyo ukoresheje imyunyu ya quaternary ammonium kugirango yanduze, birakenewe ko uhuza neza nubuso bwamazi namazi. Mubisanzwe birasabwa kwanduza iminota 30 kugeza kumasaha 2.
3. Kugenzura inshuro
Iyo ukoresheje imyunyu ya kane ya amonium yo kwanduza, inshuro zo kwanduza nazo zigomba kugenzurwa. Gukoresha cyane birashobora kwangiza ibidukikije byo mu mazi, kandi ntibigomba kurenza rimwe mu cyumweru.
4 、 Kwirinda
1. Irinde gukoresha cyane
Gukoresha cyane umunyu wa kane wa amonium birashobora kongera ibirimo azote ya amoniya na azote mu mazi y’amazi, bikagira ingaruka ku bidukikije by’ibinyabuzima by’amazi kandi biganisha ku bibazo nk’urupfu rw’ibinyabuzima byo mu mazi.
2. Irinde kuvanga nindi miti
Umunyu wa Quaternary ammonium ntugomba kuvangwa nizindi miti yica udukoko, bitabaye ibyo imiti ishobora kuvuka, bikagabanya ingaruka ziterwa no kwanduza kandi bishobora kubyara ibintu byangiza.
3. Witondere umutekano wawe
Umunyu wa kane wa amoniumni disinfectant nkeya, kandi gants igomba kwambara mugihe uyikoresheje, wirinda guhura namaso numunwa. Niba winjiye cyangwa utabishaka winjiye mumaso, hita usukura kandi ushake ubuvuzi.
5 analysis Isesengura ry'umutekano
Nubwoimyunyu ya kanezikoreshwa cyane mu kwanduza indwara, biracyakenewe ko twita ku buryo bukwiye bwo gukoreshwa mu gihe cyo kwirinda kugira ngo hatabaho ingaruka mbi ku bidukikije by’amazi n’ibinyabuzima byo mu mazi.

Ubushakashatsi bujyanye nabwo bwerekanye ko mugukoresha neza inshuro nyinshi hamwe na disinfection, umunyu wa kane wa amonium ufite uburozi buke kuriibinyabuzima byo mu mazikandi ntabwo bizagira ingaruka zikomeye kuri bo.

Ihame ryibikorwa byumunyu wa kane wa amonium yatrimethylamine oxyde (TMAO)bigaragarira cyane cyane mumiterere yabyo no gutuza imiti:
Igikorwa cyo hejuru :.umunyu wa kaneimiterere irayiha imitungo ibiri ya hydrophilicity na hydrophobicity, ishobora kugabanya ubukana bwubuso bwamazi. Mubyuma, ibi biranga bifasha kuvanaho amavuta: amaherezo ya hydrophilique ahuza namazi, naho hydrophobique ihurira hamwe namavuta, ikora micelles kugirango ikingire umwanda.
Iterambere ryimiterere: Umuyoboro wa azote wa ogisijeni (N → O) polarite yumunyu wa kane wa amonium urakomeye, ushobora guhagarika imiterere yibice bitatu bya poroteyine. Mu kugenzura umuvuduko wa osmotic, poroteyine zirindwa ibintu bitandukanya nka urea na azote ya amoniya binyuze mu kwishyuza amafaranga
Intege nke ya okiside: Nka okiside yoroheje, atome ya ogisijeni muriumunyu wa kaneimiterere irashobora kwimurwa mubindi bintu (nka reaction ya aldehyde synthesis) no kugabanuka kuri trimethylamine

Muri make,imyunyu ya kaneIrashobora gukoreshwa neza muguterwa kwanduza ubworozi bw'amafi, ariko hakwiye kwitonderwa gukosora uburyo bwo gukoresha hamwe nibitekerezo kugirango wirinde kwangiza ibinyabuzima byo mumazi.