Mu ci, ibimera bihura ningutu nyinshi nkubushyuhe bwinshi, urumuri rukomeye, amapfa (guhangayikishwa namazi), hamwe na stress ya okiside. Betaine, nkumuteguro wingenzi wa osmotic hamwe nuburinzi bukingira, bigira uruhare runini mukurwanya ibimera guhangana niyi mpeshyi. Ibikorwa byayo byingenzi birimo:

1. Amabwiriza yemewe:
Komeza umuvuduko wa selile turgor:

Ubushyuhe bwinshi n’amapfa bitera ibimera gutakaza amazi, biganisha ku kwiyongera kwa osmotic cytoplasmeque (guhinduka denser), ibyo bikaba bitera byoroshye umwuma no guhindagurika kwingirabuzimafatizo ziva mu cyuho cyangwa inkuta za selile zifite ubushobozi bwo kwinjiza amazi. Betaine irundanya cyane muri cytoplazme, igabanya neza ubushobozi bwa osmotic ya cytoplazme, ifasha selile gukomeza umuvuduko mwinshi wa turgor, bityo ikarwanya umwuma kandi igakomeza ubusugire bwimiterere yimikorere nimikorere.

Umuvuduko wa vacuolar osmotic:

Umubare munini wa ion organique (nka K ⁺, Cl ⁻, nibindi) birundanya muri vacuole kugirango ukomeze umuvuduko wa osmotic. Betaine ibaho cyane cyane muri cytoplazme, kandi kwirundanya kwayo bifasha kuringaniza itandukaniro ryumuvuduko wa osmotic hagati ya cytoplazme na vacuole, bikarinda kwangirika kwa cytoplazme kubera kubura umwuma mwinshi.

2. Kurinda biomolecules:
Imiterere ya poroteyine ihamye:

Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru burashobora gutera byoroshye poroteyine no kudakora. Molekile ya Betaine itwara ibintu byiza kandi bibi (zwitterionic) kandi irashobora guhagarika ihinduka ryimiterere ya poroteyine binyuze mu guhuza hydrogène no kuyobya amazi, bikarinda guhuzagurika, guteranya, cyangwa gutandukana mubushyuhe bwinshi. Ibi nibyingenzi mukubungabunga ibikorwa bya enzyme, proteyine zingenzi muri fotosintezeza, nimirimo yizindi poroteyine.

Sisitemu yo gukingira firime:

Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru hamwe nubwoko bwa ogisijeni irashobora kwangiza imiterere ya lipide bilayeri yimikorere ya selile (nka thylakoid membrane na plasma membrane), biganisha kumazi adasanzwe, gutemba, ndetse no gusenyuka. Betaine irashobora guhagarika imiterere ya membrane, ikagumana ubwiza bwayo busanzwe hamwe noguhitamo neza, kandi ikarinda ubusugire bwingingo zifotora nubuzima.

3. Kurinda Antioxydeant:
Komeza kuringaniza osmotic no kugabanya ibyangiritse byatewe na stress.

Gutezimbere imiterere nigikorwa cyimisemburo ya antioxydeant (nka superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, nibindi), byongera imikorere ya sisitemu yo kwirinda antioxydeant yikimera, kandi ifasha muburyo butaziguye amoko ya ogisijeni ikora.
Gukuraho mu buryo butaziguye ubwoko bwa ogisijeni ikora:

Imirasire y'izuba hamwe n'ubushyuhe bwinshi mu cyi birashobora gutuma habaho ubwoko bwinshi bwa ogisijeni ikora mu bimera, bikangiza okiside. Nubwo betaine ubwayo atari antioxydants ikomeye, irashobora kugerwaho binyuze:

4. Kurinda fotosintezeza:
Ubushyuhe bwinshi hamwe numucyo mwinshi bitera kwangirika cyane muburyo bwibanze bwa fotosintezez, sisitemu ya II. Betaine irashobora kurinda membrane ya thylakoid, kugumana ituze ryamafoto ya sisitemu ya II, kwemeza imikorere yumurongo wa transport ya electron, no kugabanya ifoto ya fotosintezeza.

5. Nkumuterankunga wa methyl:

Betaine numwe mubaterankunga ba methyl bakomeye mubinyabuzima bizima, bigira uruhare mukuzunguruka methionine. Mugihe cyimyitwarire, irashobora kugira uruhare muguhuza cyangwa guhinduranya metabolike yibintu bimwe na bimwe bitera imbaraga mugutanga amatsinda ya methyl.

Muri make, mugihe cyizuba ryinshi, imikorere yibanze ya betaine kubimera ni:

Kubika amazi no kurwanya amapfa:kurwanya umwuma binyuze mumabwiriza ya osmotic.
Kurinda ubushyuhe:irinda poroteyine, enzymes, hamwe na selile selile kwangirika kwubushyuhe bwinshi.

Kurwanya okiside:byongera ubushobozi bwa antioxydeant kandi bigabanya kwangiza amafoto.
Komeza fotosintezeza:kurinda ingingo za fotosintetike no gukomeza ingufu zibanze.

Kubwibyo, iyo ibimera bibonye ibimenyetso byikibazo nkubushyuhe bwinshi n amapfa, bakora inzira ya synthesis ya betaine (cyane cyane binyuze mumyanya ibiri ya okiside ya choline muri chloroplasts), ikusanya cyane betaine kugirango yongere imbaraga zo guhangayika no kuzamura ubushobozi bwabo bwo kubaho mubihe bibi byizuba. Ibihingwa bimwe na bimwe byihanganira amapfa (nka beterave isukari ubwayo, epinari, ingano, sayiri, nibindi) bifite ubushobozi bukomeye bwo kwegeranya betaine.

Mu musaruro w’ubuhinzi, gutera imiti ya betaine nayo ikoreshwa nka biostimulant kugirango irusheho kurwanya ibihingwa (nk'ibigori, inyanya, chili, n'ibindi) ku bushyuhe bwo mu cyi no guhangayika.