Ibiryo by'ingurube ni ingenzi kugira ngo ingurube irye neza. Ni igipimo gikenewe kugira ngo yongere imirire y'ingurube no kwemeza ubuziranenge bw'ibicuruzwa, ndetse n'ikoranabuhanga rikwirakwiriye ku isi hose. Muri rusange, igipimo cy'ibiryo by'inyongera mu biryo by'ingurube ntikizarenga 4%, ari na cyo kiri hejuru, kandi ikiguzi cyo kongera umusaruro kiziyongera nta kabuza, ibyo bikaba bidakwiye ikiguzi cy'abahinzi.

Ikibazo cya 1: Kuki ingurube zikeneye ibiryo n'ibiryo by'inyongera ubu?

Ibinure by'ingurube, ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ukurya uhaze, urye neza.

Qiao Shiyan, umwarimu muri Kaminuza y’Ubuhinzi y’Ubushinwa, yavuze ko ibiryo ari ingenzi ku ngurube kugira ngo zirye neza.inyongeramusaruro z'ibiryoni ishingiro ry'ibikoresho n'ingwate ya tekiniki y'inganda zigezweho z'ingurube, ingamba zikenewe zo kongera imirire y'ingurube no kwemeza ubuziranenge bw'ibicuruzwa, ndetse n'ikoranabuhanga ritezwa imbere cyane ku isi. Ikoranabuhanga ryo korora, ikoreshwa ry'ibiryo, urwego rwo korora, uburemere bw'ingurube, ubuziranenge bw'inyama n'umutekano w'ibicuruzwa byo mu Bushinwa muri rusange ni kimwe n'ibyo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Ubudage, Danemark n'ibindi bihugu binini by'ingurube, bihuye n'amahame mpuzamahanga n'amahame y'ubucuruzi bw'ibicuruzwa bitumiza no kohereza mu mahanga.

Inyongeramusaruro z'ibiryo, zirimoinyongeramusaruro z'intungamubiri, inyongera rusange nainyongeramusaruro z'imiti, bigira ingaruka nke mu ifunguro. Ifunguro rimwe risanzwe rishobora gukemura ikibazo cyo "guhaga" kw'ingurube, kandi inyongeramusaruro z'imirire zigizwe ahanini na aside amine na vitamine zo mu rwego rw'ibiryo, ari byo bikemura ikibazo cyo "kurya neza" kw'ingurube. Kongeramo ingano ikwiye y'inyongeramusaruro mu ifunguro bishobora gukumira no kugenzura neza indwara zisanzwe n'izindi nyinshi z'ingurube. Mu gushyira mu bikorwa igihe cyo gukuraho imiti mu cyiciro cyo kuyigaburira, ibisigazwa by'imiti mu ngurube bishobora kugenzurwa mu buryo butagize ingaruka mbi. Kongeramo antioxydants n'izindi nyongeramusaruro rusange mu ifunguro, inyinshi muri zo zikunze kugaragara mu nganda z'ibiribwa, ni iz'urwego rw'ibiribwa, kandi nta ngaruka zigira ku mikurire y'ingurube cyangwa ubwiza bw'ingurube.

Leta ibuza byimazeyo kongeramo imiti igabanya ububabare n'indi miti igabanya ububabare mu biryo. Si ngombwa kongeramo ibinini bisinziriza kugira ngo ingurube zisinze cyane, zigende nke kandi zibyibuhe vuba, kuko imikorere y'ingurube zo mu maboko ari mike cyane, bityo imiti igabanya ububabare ntikenewe. Urea, Arsenic Preparation n'umuringa byemewe kongerwamo mu biryo, ariko byose bifite ingingo zibibuza kandi ntibigomba gukoreshwa uko bishakiye. Urea ni ubwoko bw'ifumbire irimo azote nyinshi. Iyo ingano nto ya urea ikoreshejwe mu matungo nk'inka n'intama, ishobora kubora na urea ivanwamo na mikorobe z'amatungo, hanyuma igashobora kwinjiza no gusya hakoreshejwe poroteyine. Ingurube nta rumen igira na gato, bityo biragoye gukoresha azote muri urea. Iyo ingano ari nini cyane, izanatera uburozi no gupfa kw'ingurube. Ku bijyanye n'ingaruka zo kongeramo umuringa, kongeramo umuringa ukwiye gusa mu biryo bishobora gutuma ingurube zikura. Igipimo cyihariye cyo kongeramo ingano ikwiye y'umuringa ni uko ingano y'inyongera y'umuringa mu biryo bya kg 1000 itagomba kurenza g 200.

Ikibazo cya 2: Ni gute ingurube zishobora gukura kugeza kuri 200-300 Jin nyuma y'amezi 6?

Ubwiza n'ingano y'ingurube, ubworozi bwa siyansi ni ingenzi.

Wang Lixian, umushakashatsi mu Ishuri Rikuru ry’Ubworozi n’Ubuvuzi bw’Amatungo rya Beijing mu Ishuri Rikuru ry’Ubumenyi bw’Ubuhinzi ry’Abashinwa, yavuze ko korora ingurube mu buryo bwa siyansi bishobora kwemeza ireme n’ubwinshi. Muri iki gihe, ukwezi gusanzwe kw’ingurube muri rusange ni iminsi 150-180. Impamvu nyamukuru zituma ingurube zikura vuba kandi zikagira ibihe bigufi byo kubyibuha ni "eshatu nziza": ingurube nziza, ibiryo byiza n’uruziga rwiza, ni ukuvuga ubwoko bwiza bw’ingurube,ibiryo bitekanyen'ahantu ho kororera hateye imbere. Umusaruro w'ingurube zo mu bucuruzi ahanini ugizwe n'ingurube eshatu za Duroc, Landrace n'ingurube nini z'umweru. Ni ibisanzwe ko izi ngurube nziza zigurishwa mu minsi igera ku 160. Igihe cyo kugurisha ingurube nziza zo mu mahanga ni gito. Igihe cyo kubyibuha cy'ingurube zororoka hamwe n'ubwoko bwo mu gace runaka ni kirekire, kandi igihe cyo kororoka ni iminsi 180-200.

Mu byiciro bitandukanye byo kororoka mbere yo kubaga ingurube, igipimo cy’ibiryo biratandukanye, kandi igipimo cy’ibiryo byose ni ibiro 300. Uruhererekane rw’ingurube ruziyongeraho nibura ukwezi kumwe iyo zitagaburirwa ibiryo kandi zigaburirwa gusa ibiryo gakondo by’ingurube nk’ibinyampeke bibisi n’ibyatsi by’ingurube. Iterambere n’ikoreshwa ry’ibiryo bigezweho n’ibiryo by’inyongera binoza cyane igipimo cyo guhindura ibiryo, bigabanya ikiguzi cyo gukora ingurube, kandi bishyiraho urufatiro rukomeye rwa siyansi kugira ngo inganda z’ingurube zibone inyungu nziza mu mibereho myiza no mu bukungu. Bivugwa ko hamwe n’ikoreshwa ry’ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ry’ibiryo, igipimo cyo guhindura ibiryo by’amata mu Bushinwa cyariyongereye cyane, kandi igipimo cy’uruhare rwa siyansi n’ikoranabuhanga mu bworozi cyarenze 40%. Igipimo cyo guhindura ibiryo by’amata y’ingurube cyariyongereye kuva kuri 4 ∶ 1 kugeza kuri 3 ∶ 1. Mu bihe byashize, byafataga umwaka umwe kugira ngo worore ingurube, ariko ubu ishobora kugurishwa mu mezi atandatu, ibyo bikaba bitatandukanywa n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga mu bijyanye n’ibiryo n’ubworozi.

Wang Lixian yavuze ko inganda z’ingurube za kijyambere zirangwa n’ubworozi bw’ingurube nini zirimo gutera imbere vuba, kandi igitekerezo cyo korora no gucunga urwego rw’ubworozi bihora bitera imbere. Binyuze mu kunoza ibidukikije byo korora no gushyira mu bikorwa uburyo bwo kuvura ifumbire y’amatungo mu buryo butagira ingaruka mbi, ibibazo by’indwara zikomeye z’ibyorezo n’ibisigazwa bya antibiyotike byakemutse buhoro buhoro. Ingano y’ingurube yagabanutse buhoro buhoro, kandi uburemere bwa buri ngurube muri rusange bwari hafi ibiro 200.