L-carnitine, izwi kandi nka vitamine BT, ni intungamubiri isa na vitamine iboneka mu nyamaswa mu buryo busanzwe. Mu nganda zitunganya ibiryo, imaze imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo ikoreshwa cyane nk'inyongeramusaruro y'ingenzi mu biryo. Inshingano yayo y'ibanze ni ugukora nk'"ikigega cy'ubwikorezi," igeza aside irike y'uruhererekane rurerure muri mitochondria kugira ngo ihumeke kandi ibore, bityo ikabyara ingufu.

Izi zikurikira ni zo ngamba z'ingenzi n'uruhare rwa L-carnitine mu biryo bitandukanye by'amatungo:

1. Gusaba muriibiryo by'amatungo n'inkoko.

• Kunoza imikorere y'ibiryo by'ingurube: Kongera L-carnitine mu mirire y'ingurube z'ibyana no gukura no kubyibuha bishobora kongera ibiro bya buri munsi no guhindura ibiryo byazo. Bizigama poroteyine binyuze mu guteza imbere ikoreshwa ry'ibinure, bigatuma amatungo akura neza kandi akagira inyama nziza.
• Kunoza imikorere y'imyororokere y'ingurube: Ingurube zirera: ziteza imbere estrus no kongera igipimo cyo gutanga intanga. Ingurube zitwite n'izonsa: zifasha mu kugena ibinure mu mubiri, zigabanya ibiro mu gihe cyo konsa, zikongera umusaruro w'amata, bityo zikongera ibiro byo konsa ingurube no kubaho kwayo. Muri icyo gihe, bifasha kugabanya igihe cyo konsa nyuma yo konsa.
• Kugabanya imihangayiko: Mu bihe by’imihangayiko nko gukamura, gukamura, n’ubushyuhe bwinshi, L-carnitine ishobora gufasha inyamaswa gukoresha ingufu neza, kubungabunga ubuzima n’umusaruro.

2. Ibiryo by'inkoko (inkoko, ibishuhe, nibindi) byainyama z'inkoko/ibihuru by'inyama:

• Binongera ibiro no gukoresha neza ibiryo: bitera imbere imikorere y'ibinure, bigabanya ibinure byo mu nda, byongera umubyibuho w'imitsi yo mu gituza n'umusaruro w'imitsi y'amaguru.
• Kongera ubuziranenge bw'inyama: kugabanya ibinure no kongera poroteyine. Inkoko/inkoko zitera amagi: kongera umuvuduko wo gutanga amagi: bitanga imbaraga nyinshi zo gukura kw'imitsi.
• Kunoza ubwiza bw'igi: bishobora kongera uburemere bw'igi no kunoza imisemburo n'uburyo amagi avuka.

Ⅱ Gushyira mu biryo byo mu mazi:

Ingaruka za L-carnitine mu bworozi bw'amafi ni ingenzi cyane, kuko amafi (cyane cyane amafi arya inyama) ahanini yishingikiriza ku binure na poroteyine nk'isoko ry'ingufu.

Guteza imbere iterambere: kongera cyane umuvuduko w'iterambere n'ubwiyongere bw'ibiro by'amafi n'isambaza.

• Kunoza imiterere y'umubiri n'ubwiza bw'inyama: guteza imbere poroteyine, kubuza ibinure kwinshi mu mubiri no mu mwijima, gutuma amafi agira imiterere myiza y'umubiri, umusaruro mwinshi w'inyama, no gukumira neza ibinure by'umwijima.
• Kuzigama poroteyine: Gukoresha neza ibinure mu gutanga ingufu, kugabanya ikoreshwa rya poroteyine mu gukoresha ingufu, bityo bikagabanya urugero rwa poroteyine mu biryo kandi bikagabanya ikiguzi.
• Kunoza imikorere y'imyororokere: Kunoza imikurire y'ingirabuzimafatizo n'ubwiza bw'intanga z'amafi yabyaye.

Ⅲ. Gukoresha mu biryo by'amatungo

• Kugabanya ibiro: Ku matungo abyibushye cyane, L-carnitine ishobora kubafasha gutwika ibinure neza kandi ikunze kugaragara mu mirire yo kugabanya ibiro.
• Kunoza imikorere y'umutima: Imiti itera umutima gutera umutima ishingiye ahanini ku binyabutabire bitanga ingufu, naho L-carnitine ni ingenzi mu kubungabunga ubuzima bw'umutima kandi ikunze gukoreshwa nk'inyongera ku ndwara y'umutima itera indwara z'umutima ziterwa no kwaguka kw'umutima mu mbwa.
• Kunoza kwihangana mu myitozo ngororamubiri: Ku mbwa zikora, imbwa zisiganwa ku magare, cyangwa amatungo akora cyane, bishobora kongera ubushobozi bwazo bwo gukina no kwirinda umunaniro.
• Gushyigikira ubuzima bw'umwijima: guteza imbere imikorere y'ibinure mu mwijima no gukumira ko ibinure mu mwijima byiyongera.

Ⅳ. Incamake y'uburyo igikorwa cyakozwe:

• Ishingiro ry'ingufu zikoreshwa mu gutunganya ingufu: nk'umutwaro, itwara aside irike y'uruhererekane rurerure iva kuri cytoplasm ijya kuri mitochondrial matrix kugira ngo ihindure beta oxidation, ikaba ari intambwe y'ingenzi mu guhindura ibinure mo ingufu.

• Guhindura igipimo cya CoA/acetyl CoA muri mitochondria: bifasha gukuraho amatsinda menshi ya acetyl akorwa mu gihe cy'ihinduka ry'imitsi no kubungabunga imikorere isanzwe ya mitochondria.

• Ingaruka zo kuzigama poroteyine: Iyo ibinure bishobora gukoreshwa neza, poroteyine ishobora gukoreshwa cyane mu gukura kw'imitsi no gusana ingingo, aho gukoreshwa nk'ingufu.

Ⅴ. Ongeraho ingamba zo kwirinda:

• Ingano y'inyongera: Igishushanyo nyacyo gikenewe hashingiwe ku moko y'inyamaswa, aho zikura, imiterere yazo, n'intego z'umusaruro, kandi si uko zirushaho kuba nyinshi, ni byiza kurushaho. Ingano isanzwe y'inyongera ni hagati ya garama 50-500 kuri toni y'ibiryo.

• Ingufu ku giciro: L-carnitine ni inyongeramusaruro ihenze cyane, bityo inyungu zayo mu buryo bwihariye bwo gukora zigomba gusuzumwa.

• Guhuza n'izindi ntungamubiri: Bigira ingaruka nziza kuri betaine, choline, vitamine zimwe na zimwe, kandi bishobora kurebwa hamwe mu gushushanya formula.

Ⅵ. Umwanzuro:

• L-carnitine ni inyongeramusaruro y’intungamubiri yizewe kandi ifite akamaro. Igira uruhare runini mu kunoza imikurire y’inyamaswa, kunoza ubwiza bw’intumbi, kongera ubushobozi bwo kororoka, no kubungabunga ubuzima binyuze mu kunoza imikorere y’ingufu.

• Mu bworozi bw’amafi bwa none bukoresha uburyo bugezweho kandi bunoze, gukoresha neza L-carnitine ni bumwe mu buryo bw’ingenzi bwo kugera ku mirire inoze no kugabanya ikiguzi mu gihe bikongera ubushobozi.

Trimethylamine hydrochlorideIkoreshwa cyane cyane nk'ikintu kirwanya alkaline mu buryo bwa quaternization bwa L-carnitine synthesis, kugira ngo ihindure agaciro ka pH k'uburyo bw'ibizamini, itere imbere gutandukanya epichlorohydrin, kandi yorohereze uburyo bwa cyanide bukurikiraho.

Uruhare mu gikorwa cyo guhuza:
Guhindura PH: Mu gihe cyo gukora quaternization reaction,trimethylamine hydrochlorideirekura molekile za amoniya kugira ngo ihagarike ibintu bikomoka kuri aside biva mu buryo bw’isesengura, igakomeza pH y’umubiri kandi ikirinda ko ibintu byinshi bya alkaline bigira ingaruka ku mikorere myiza y’isesengura.
Guteza imbere ubushobozi bwo gukora neza: Nk'ikintu gifasha mu gukora neza ibintu mu buryo bwa alkaline, trimethylamine hydrochloride ishobora kwihutisha uburyo bwa enantiomeric bwa epichlorohydrin no kongera umusaruro w'umusaruro wa L-carnitine.

Mu kugenzura ibikomoka ku bimera: Mu guhindura imiterere y'ibikomoka ku bimera, umusaruro w'ibikomoka ku bimera nka L-carnitine uragabanuka, byoroshya intambwe zikurikira zo gutunganya.