Ubworozi n'iterambere ry'ingurube za kijyambere bikorwa hakurikijwe ibyo abantu bakeneye. Intego ni ukugira ngo ingurube zirye nke, zikure vuba, zibyare nyinshi kandi zigire inyama nyinshi zitarimo ingano. Biragoye ko ibidukikije karemano byuzuza ibi bisabwa, bityo ni ngombwa gukora neza mu bidukikije by'ubukorano!

Uburyo bwo gukonjesha no kubungabunga ubushyuhe, kugenzura ubushuhe bwumutse, uburyo bwo gusukura imyanda, imiterere y'umwuka mu nzu y'amatungo, uburyo bwo gutwara amatungo, uburyo bwo kugaburira, ubwiza bw'ibikoresho, imicungire y'umusaruro, ibiryo n'imirire, ikoranabuhanga ryo korora n'ibindi byose bigira ingaruka ku musaruro n'ubuzima bw'ingurube.

Ikibazo turimo guhangana nacyo ubu ni uko icyorezo cy’ingurube kigenda cyiyongera, inkingo nyinshi n’imiti y’amatungo igenda yiyongera, kandi biragoye korora ingurube. Amasambu menshi y’ingurube nta nyungu cyangwa igihombo afite mu gihe isoko ry’ingurube ryageze ku rwego rwo hejuru kandi rikamara igihe kirekire.

Hanyuma ntabwo twakwirengagiza gutekereza niba uburyo bukoreshwa ubu bwo guhangana n’icyorezo cy’ingurube ari bwo bwiza cyangwa niba icyerekezo ari kibi. Tugomba gutekereza ku mpamvu nyamukuru zitera iyi ndwara mu nganda z’ingurube. Ese ni ukubera ko virusi na bagiteri bikomeye cyane cyangwa imiterere y’ingurube ikaba idakomeye cyane?

Noneho ubu inganda zikomeje kwita cyane ku mikorere idashingiye ku bushobozi bw'ubudahangarwa bw'ingurube!

Ibintu bigira ingaruka ku mikorere idasobanutse y’ubudahangarwa bw’ingurube:

1. Imirire

Mu gihe cy’ubwandu bw’indwara, ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri bw’inyamaswa burakora, umubiri ugakora ubwoko bwinshi bwa cytokines, ibintu bitera indwara, poroteyine zifata igihe kinini, ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri, n’ibindi, umuvuduko w’imikorere y’umubiri urushaho kwiyongera, umusaruro w’ubushyuhe urushaho kwiyongera kandi ubushyuhe bw’umubiri bugakomeza kwiyongera, ibyo bikaba bisaba intungamubiri nyinshi.

Ubwa mbere, hakenewe aside amine nyinshi kugira ngo hakorwe poroteyine, antibody n'ibindi bintu bikora mu gihe cy'ubukana, bigatuma poroteyine mu mubiri igabanuka cyane kandi ikavamo azote. Mu gihe cy'ubwandu bw'indwara, aside amine iboneka ahanini bitewe no kwangirika kwa poroteyine mu mubiri kuko ubushake bwo kurya no kurya inyamaswa bigabanuka cyane cyangwa ndetse bikanagabanuka. Gutera imbere mu mikorere y'umubiri bizatuma nta kabuza hakenerwa vitamine n'ibintu bifatika.

Ku rundi ruhande, ikibazo cy’indwara z’ibyorezo gitera stress ya oxidative mu nyamaswa, bigatuma habaho umubare munini wa radicals yigenga kandi ikoreshwa rya antioxydants (VE, VC, Se, nibindi).

Mu kibazo cy’indwara z’icyorezo, imikorere y’inyamaswa irarushaho kwiyongera, ikenerwa ry’intungamubiri rirarushaho kwiyongera, kandi ikwirakwizwa ry’intungamubiri mu nyamaswa rirahinduka kuva ku gukura kugera ku budahangarwa bw’umubiri. Izi ngaruka z’imikorere y’inyamaswa zigamije kurwanya indwara z’icyorezo no kubaho uko bishoboka kose, ibyo bikaba ari ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’igihe kirekire cyangwa guhitamo karemano. Ariko, mu guhitamo kw’ubukorano, imiterere y’imikorere y’ingurube mu kibazo cy’indwara z’icyorezo iratandukanye n’inzira y’ihitamo karemano.

Mu myaka ya vuba aha, iterambere ry’ubworozi bw’ingurube ryazamuye cyane ubushobozi bw’ingurube bwo gukura no kwiyongera kw’inyama zitarimo ibinure. Iyo izo ngurube zanduye, uburyo intungamubiri ziboneka zikwirakwira buhinduka ku rugero runaka: intungamubiri zigenerwa ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri ziragabanuka kandi intungamubiri zigenerwa gukura ziyongera.

Mu gihe cy’ubuzima bwiza, ibi ni ingirakamaro mu kunoza umusaruro (ubworozi bw’ingurube bukorwa mu gihe cy’ubuzima bwiza cyane), ariko iyo indwara z’icyorezo zigeze ku rundi ruhande, bene izo ngurube zifite ubudahangarwa buke kandi zikaba zipfa cyane ugereranyije n’ubwoko bwa kera (ingurube zo mu gace k’Ubushinwa zikura buhoro buhoro, ariko ubushobozi bwazo bwo kurwanya indwara buri hejuru cyane ugereranyije n’ingurube zo mu mahanga za none).

Gukomeza kwibanda ku guhitamo kunoza imikorere y’ingurube byahinduye ikwirakwizwa ry’intungamubiri mu miterere yazo, ibyo bikaba bigomba gutakaza imikorere itari iyo gukura. Kubwibyo, korora ingurube zitari ndende zifite ubushobozi bwo gutanga umusaruro mwinshi bigomba gutanga urwego rwo hejuru rw’intungamubiri, cyane cyane mu kibazo cy’indwara z’ibyorezo, kugira ngo haboneke intungamubiri, kugira ngo habeho intungamubiri zihagije zo gukingirwa, kandi ingurube zishobore gutsinda indwara z’ibyorezo.

Mu gihe ubworozi bw'ingurube bugabanutse cyangwa mu gihe ubukungu buhagaze nabi, gabanya ibiryo by'ingurube. Iyo icyorezo kimaze gutera, ingaruka zishobora kuba mbi cyane.

2. Guhangayika

Guhangayika byangiza imiterere y'uturemangingo tw'ingurube kandi byongera ibyago byo kwandura indwara mu ngurube.

GuhangayikaBituma habaho kwiyongera kwa ogisijeni idafite umwuka kandi bigasenya uburyo membrane y'uturemangingo igenda yiyongera. Uburyo membrane y'uturemangingo igenda yiyongera, ibyo bikaba byari byiza cyane ku kwinjira kwa bagiteri mu turemangingo; Stress itera gushyuha kwa sisitemu y'impumuro y'imisemburo, gukomeza kwifata kw'imitsi yo mu nda, ischemia y'uturemangingo, kwangirika kwa hypoxic, kwangirika kw'ibisebe; Stress itera ikibazo cya metabolism, kwiyongera kwa aside mu turemangingo no kwangirika kwa mucosal guterwa na aside mu turemangingo; Stress itera kwiyongera kwa glucocorticoid na glucocorticoid bibuza ivugururwa ry'uturemangingo mu mucosal.

Guhangayika byongera ibyago byo gukurwaho uburozi mu ngurube.

Ibintu bitandukanye bituma umubiri ukora utuntu twinshi twitwa ogisijeni, twangiza uturemangingo tw’imitsi, tugatera ubwiyongere bw’uturemangingo tw’imitsi, tukongera kwihutisha ikorwa rya microthrombosis na endothelium, bigatuma virusi ikwirakwira, kandi bikongera ibyago byo gukurwamo umwuka.

Imihangayiko igabanya ubushobozi bw'umubiri bwo kurwanya indwara kandi ikongera ibyago byo kudahagarara neza mu ngurube.

Ku ruhande rumwe, kugenzura imisemburo y'umubiri mu gihe cy'ihungabana bizabangamira ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, nk'uko glucocorticoid igira ingaruka ku mikorere y'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri; Ku rundi ruhande, kwiyongera kwa ogisijeni idafite umwuka n'ibintu bitera ububyimbirwe biterwa n'ihungabana bizangiza ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri mu buryo butaziguye, bigatuma umubare w'uturemangingo tw'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri ugabanuka kandi interferon ntibe ihagije, bigatuma ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bugabanuka.

Ibimenyetso byihariye by'igabanuka ry'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri ritari risanzwe:

● amabyi yo mu maso, amarira, kuva amaraso mu mugongo n'ibindi bibazo bitatu by'umwanda

Kuva amaraso mu mugongo, uruhu rushaje n'ibindi bibazo bigaragaza ko ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwa mbere, ubuso bw'umubiri n'uruti rw'imitsi byangiritse, bigatuma indwara zitera indwara zinjira mu mubiri byoroshye.

Ishingiro ry'agace k'amaso ni uko agace k'amaso gahora gasohora amarira kugira ngo hirindwe ko hagira udukoko twandura binyuze muri lysozyme. Agace k'amaso kerekana ko imikorere y'urudaca rw'umubiri ku buso bw'amaso igabanuka, kandi ko agakoko katarakurwaho burundu. Byanagaragaje ko imwe cyangwa ebyiri za SIgA na poroteyine zuzuzanya mu maso zidahagije.

● kwangirika k'imikorere y'imbwa

Igipimo cyo gukuraho kw'ingurube zisanzwe kiri hejuru cyane, ingurube zitwite zirakuramo inda, zikabyara imfu, za nyina, ingurube z'ingurube zidafite imbaraga, n'ibindi;

Igihe kirekire cyo kubyara no gusubira kubyara nyuma yo kubyara; Ubwiza bw'amata y'ingurube zonsa bwaragabanutse, ubudahangarwa bw'ingurube z'impinja bwari buke, umusaruro waragabanutse, kandi igipimo cyo gucibwamo cyari hejuru.

Hari uburyo bwo gufunga mu bice byose by'ingurube, harimo ibere, inzira y'igifu, nyababyeyi, inzira y'imyororokere, imiyoboro y'impyiko, imvubura z'uruhu n'izindi submucosa, bufite imikorere myinshi yo gukumira indwara ziterwa n'udukoko.

Fata urugero rw'ijisho:

① Uturemangingo tw’amaso hamwe n’ibice byayo bya lipide n’amazi bitanga imbogamizi ku miterere y’uturemangingo.

②Umuti urwanya mikorobeIbice bivangwa n'uturemangingo mu gice cy'amaso, nk'amarira avangwa n'uturemangingo tw'amaso, birimo lysozyme nyinshi, ishobora kwica bagiteri no kubuza kororoka kwa bagiteri, kandi ikagira imbogamizi ku mikorobe.

③ Uturemangingo twa Macrophages na NK natural killer cells dukwirakwizwa mu mazi y’uturemangingo tw’imisemburo ya mucosal epithelial cells dushobora gukuraho udukoko twandujwe n’udukoko, bigatuma habaho uruzitiro rw’uturemangingo tw’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri.

④ Ubudahangarwa bw'uturemangingo tw'umubiri bugizwe na immunoglobulin SIgA ituruka mu turemangingo twa plasma dukwirakwizwa mu gice cy'umubiri cy'uruti rw'amaso hamwe na poroteyine yuzuzanya n'ingano yabyo.

Aho uherereyeubudahangarwa bw'imitsiigira uruhare runini muriubwirinzi bw'umubiri, bishobora kurangiza indwara zitera indwara, bigatera ubuzima bwiza kandi bikarinda kwandura indwara zisubira.

Uruhu rwa kera n'uduheri tw'ingurube bigaragaza ko ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri muri rusange bwangiritse!

Ihame: imirire iboneye n'ishingiro rikomeye; Kurinda umwijima no kuwusukura kugira ngo urusheho kugira ubuzima bwiza; Kugabanya stress no gutuza ibidukikije imbere; Gukingira indwara ziterwa n'udukoko mu buryo bukwiye.

Kuki dushyira agaciro ku kurinda umwijima no kuwukuraho mu mubiri mu kunoza ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri butari bwihariye?

Umwijima ni kimwe mu bigize sisitemu y’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri. Uturemangingo tw’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri nka macrophages, NK na NKT ni two twinshi cyane mu mwijima. Macrophages na lymphocytes mu mwijima ni byo bituma ubudahangarwa bw’uturemangingo burushaho kuba bwiza ndetse n’ubw’ubudahangarwa bw’uturemangingo burushaho kuba bwiza! Ni na yo selile y’ibanze y’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri butagira umwihariko! Mirongo itandatu ku ijana by’uturemangingo tw’umubiri wose duteranira mu mwijima. Nyuma yo kwinjira mu mwijima, antigen nyinshi zo mu mara zizamirwa kandi zigakurwaho na macrophages (uturemangingo twa Kupffer) mu mwijima, kandi igice gito kizasukurwa n’impyiko; Byongeye kandi, virusi nyinshi, antigen za bagiteri n’ibindi bintu byangiza biva mu maraso bizamirwa kandi bigakurwaho na selile za Kupffer kugira ngo birinde ko ibyo bintu byangiza umubiri byangiza. Imyanda y’uburozi isukurwa n’umwijima igomba gukurwa mu nyo ijya mu mara, hanyuma igakurwa mu mubiri n’imyanda.

Nk'ikigo cy'impinduka mu mikorere y'intungamubiri, umwijima ugira uruhare rudasimburwa mu mpinduka nziza z'intungamubiri!

Mu gihe cy'ihungabana, ingurube zizongera imikorere y'umubiri kandi zikongera ubushobozi bwo kurwanya stress bw'ingurube. Muri iki gikorwa, imikorere y'ingurube iziyongera cyane, ibyo bizongera umutwaro w'ingurube kandi bigatera kugabanuka k'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri. Gukora imikorere y'ingurube bifitanye isano ryiza n'ubukana bw'ingufu zikoreshwa mu gukora imikorere y'umubiri, ni ukuvuga ko uko imikorere y'umubiri irushaho kuba ikomeye, ni ko imikorere y'umubiri irushaho kuba ikomeye. Uko imikorere y'ingingo z'umubiri irushaho kuba ikomeye, ni ko byoroha kandi bikagira imbaraga mu gukora imikorere y'ingurube, poroteyine, ibinure, vitamine n'imisemburo. Urugero, umwijima urimo enzyme zitandukanye, zidakora gusa mu gukora imikorere y'ingurube, poroteyine, ibinure, vitamine n'imisemburo, ahubwo zifite n'imirimo yo gusohora uburozi, gusohora, gusohora, gufunga no kwirinda indwara. Ikora imikorere y'ingurube nyinshi kandi irushaho kwangiza imikorere y'ingufu zikoreshwa mu gukora imikorere y'umubiri.

Kubwibyo, kugira ngo twongere ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri butari bwihariye, tugomba kwita ku kurinda umwijima no gusohora uburozi ku ngurube!